The following table lists a number of US Customary capacity measures as used in the United States of America. These measures dervived from different versions of old English capacity measures, included containers such as the firkin, kilderkin, puncheon and hogshead. They were often used for different commodities and for each there was often a different capacity in terms of cubic inches or gallons, both in America and in Britain.


This table lists the most common uses and the associated capacities in cubic inches of the base unit and its derivatives. Each major use in a column also shows the fractional part or multiple of a gallon in round brackets. In each case the base unit is the gallon and the size is indicated in red to distinguish it from derived values.

Other commodities measures as used in Britain are illustrated in separate tables as is a list of less common uses and sizes of some of the containers in this table, such the barrel. Of particular note is the different capacities of the same measure as used in Britain and America.
  Liquid1 Dry2
Measure Relation(Gals) Volume in3 Relation(Gals) Volume in3
Fluid Ounce 1/128 Gallon (1/128) 1.8046875    
Gill 4 Fl. Ounces (1/32) 7.21875  
Pint 16 Fl. Ounces (1/8) 28.875  
Quart 2 Pints (1/4) 57.75 2 Pints (1/4) 67.1875
Pottle 2 Quarts (1/2) 115.5 2 Quarts (1/2) 134.375
Gallon 2 Pottles (1) 231 2 Pottles (1) 268.75
Peck   2 Gallons (2) 537.5
Bucket   2 Pecks (4) 1075
Pin 4.5 Gallons 1039.5  
Bushel   4 Pecks (8) 2150
Firkin 9 Gallons (9) 2079  
Anker 10 Gallons 2310  
Strike   2 Bushels (16) 4300
Rundlet 2 Firkins (18) 4158  
Kilderkin 2 Firkins (18) 4158  
Bag   3 Bushels (24) 6450
Coomb   2 Strikes (32) 8600
Barrel 31.5 Gallons (31.5) 7276.5 105 Quarts 7054.6875
Tierce 1 1/3 Hogsheads (84)3 19404  
Hogshead 2 Barrels (63) 14553  
Quarter   2 Coombs (64) 17200
Puncheon 2 Hogsheads (126)3 29106  
Pipe/Butt 2 Hogsheads (126)3 29106  
Tun/Ton 2 Pipes/Butts (252)3 58212 4 Quarters(256) 68800

Footnotes:


  1. The U.S. liquid gallon is based on the Queen Anne or Wine gallon occupying 231 cubic inches.


  2. The U.S. adopted a different basis for the measurement of dry volume and used the British Winchester gallon of 268.75 cubic inches, which is a derivation of the Winchester bushel of 2150 cubic inches. The gallon was not normally used as a measure of dry goods but is included here only as a convenient comparison to the U.S. liquid gallon and former British gallon measures.


  3. The relationships between Tierce, Puncheon, Pipe, Butt and Tun are those contained in a report to the House of Representatives on July 13, 1790 by the first Secretary of State of the United States of America, Thomas Jefferson, of measures in use in Britain. This report titled "Plan for establishing uniformity in the Coinage, Weights, and Measures of the United States." was a first attempt to introduce metric measures.